The brain is a complex organ responsible for regulating various bodily functions, including movement, sensation, cognition, and emotion. It is divided into different regions, each with its own specific functions and structures. Over the years, scientists have named these parts of the brain based on their location, shape, or function. By understanding the names of these parts, scientists can better understand the role each plays in the overall function of the brain. In this post, we will explore some of the most common names of brain regions and how they got their names.

The Cerebrum

The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, learning, and perception. It is divided into two hemispheres, each with four lobes named after their overlying skull bones: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.

The Frontal Lobe

The frontal lobe is located in the front of the brain, and it plays a crucial role in many functions, including decision-making, problem-solving, and movement. It was named after the Latin word “frontalis,” which means “forehead,” because it is located in the front of the brain, which is directly behind the forehead.

The Parietal Lobe

The parietal lobe is located at the top and back of the brain, and it is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It was named after the Latin word “parietalis,” which means “wall-like,” because it is located between the frontal and occipital lobes.

The Temporal Lobe

The temporal lobe is located on the sides of the brain, just above the ears, and it is responsible for processing auditory information and memory. It was named after the Latin word “temporalis,” which means “of the temples,” because it is located near the temples.

The Occipital Lobe

The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain, and it is responsible for processing visual information. It was named after the Latin word “occiput,” which means “back of the head,” because it is located at the back of the skull.

The Cerebellum

The cerebellum is located under the cerebrum and is responsible for controlling movement and balance. It was named after the Latin word “cerebellum,” which means “little brain,” because it resembles a smaller version of the cerebrum.

The Brainstem

The brainstem is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for regulating many bodily functions, including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. It is divided into three parts: the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain.

The Medulla Oblongata

The medulla oblongata is located at the lowest part of the brainstem and is responsible for controlling many vital functions, including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. It was named after the Latin word “medulla,” which means “marrow,” because it resembles the inner part of a bone.

The Pons

The pons is located above the medulla oblongata and is responsible for relaying information between different parts of the brain. It was named after the Latin word “pons,” which means “bridge,” because it serves as a bridge between the cerebellum and the rest of the brain.

The Midbrain

The midbrain is located above the pons and is responsible for regulating many sensory and motor functions. It was named after its position in the brain, which is in the middle of the brainstem.